There can be little doubt that fluctuations in consciousness are a major contributing factor to beliefs in the supernatural. Although there are other aspects of mind that are also contributing factors (such as agency detection, theory of mind, causal sequencing, and pattern imposition), one thing that surely would have mystified or perplexed early modern humans [...]
Entries Tagged as 'altered states of consciousness'
Dream, Trance, Vision
November 29th, 2011 · 4 Comments · Cognition, Hunter-Gatherers, Shamanism
Tags:Aborigines·altered states of consciousness·ASC·Bushmen·dreams·Dreamtime·hallucinations·Iroquois·Jesuit Relations·Plains Indians·psychotropics·San·trance·trance dance·visions
Entoptics or Doodles: Children of the Cave
October 1st, 2011 · 10 Comments · Archaeology, Cognition, Ritual, Shamanism
There was a time when Paleolithic cave paintings were construed primarily through the lens of “art,” an interpretive stance which assumes that at least some Paleolithic peoples were “artists” who painted for pleasure. Because this lens is so subjective (and creative), all manner of interpretations were offered. Whether prosaic or fanciful, this approach raised troubling [...]
Tags:altered states of consciousness·art history·ASC·cave art·cave paintings·dark zone art·David Lewis-Williams·doodles·entoptics·flutings·form constants·France·functionalism·hallucination·Jessica Cooney·Kevin Sharpe·Leslie Van Gelder·Paleolithic·petroglyphs·play·ritual·Rouffignac·shamans·symbolism
Southern Death Cult: Data & Meaning
March 23rd, 2011 · No Comments · Archaeology, Hunter-Gatherers, Methodology, Power, Shamanism
John Jeremiah Sullivan’s piece on America’s ancient cave art has prompted some thinking — always the sign of good writing. If you haven’t read it yet, you should. Here are some of the things that have me cogitating:
Simek the Scientist v. Reilly the Symbolist
This is not a lawsuit — it is the tension Sullivan establishes [...]
Tags:altered states of consciousness·art·ASC·birds·caves·complex societies·dark zone·data·emic·etic·F. Kent Reilly·Jan Simek·John Jeremiah Sullivan·meaning·Mircea Eliade·Mississippian cultures·Mound Builders·Piers Vitebsky·Plains Indians·pre-state societies·shamans·soul flights·Southeastern Ceremonial Complex·Southern Death Cult·survivals·symbols·unknown caves
America’s Unknown & Ancient Cave Art
March 21st, 2011 · No Comments · Archaeology, Cognition, Ritual, Shamanism
In a collaborative (subscription seeking) arrangement with the Paris Review, Slate has just published a riveting piece on “America’s Ancient Cave Art” by John Jeremiah Sullivan. Many of these Cumberland and Tennessee Valley caves have been only recently discovered and their locations are largely secret. Except for a small group of Southeastern archaeologists, their existence [...]
Tags:Adena·Altamira·altered states of consciousness·Appalachia·ASC·cave art·cave cosmology·cave rituals·cave symbolism·Chauvet·Cherokee·Cumberland·David Lewis-Willliams·entoptic images·entoptics·form constants·hallucinations·Hopewell·Jan Simek·John Jeremiah Sullivan·Lascaux·Mayan·Mississippian cultures·Mound Builders·Natchez·Paleolithic·petroglyphs·rock art·San rock art·Southern Death Cult·Southestern Ceremonial Complex·Tennessee
Mural Magic of Mushrooms
March 14th, 2011 · 8 Comments · Archaeology, Cognition, Hunter-Gatherers, Ritual, Shamanism
Cognitive archaeologist David Lewis-Williams has long argued that the spectacular Paleolithic paintings in European caves such Lascaux, Chauvet, and Altamira were created by early shamans who were experiencing altered states of consciousness (“ASC”). Because Paleolithic rock art around the world displays the same types of symbols or form constants, which Lewis-Williams calls “entoptics,” he contends [...]
Tags:Alan Piper·Altamira·altered states of consciousness·ASC·auroch·Brian Akers·bull·Carl Ruck·Chauvet·cognitive archaeology·David Lewis-Williams·entoptic forms·entoptics·fungi·Juan Ruiz·Lascaux·mushrooms·Paleolithic·Psilocybe·psychotropics·rock art·Selva Pascuala·Spain
Dissociative Soul Flights
February 25th, 2011 · 1 Comment · Cognition, Shamanism
Out of body experiences are a human universal. Why? Because human brains are constructed in a way that enables such perceptions. Dreaming, drug use, and near death experiences regularly give rise to such experiences. Recreational users of ketamine are quite familiar with the experience, and none of these people are operating under the illusion that [...]
Tags:altered states of consciousness·association·Avatar·cognitive architecture·dissociation·dreaming·drug use·ketamine·near death experiences·out of body experiences·reincarnation·Richard Alleyne·soul·soul flights·spirit·Tron·virtual reality
Werner Herzog Films Chauvet Cave in 3-D
February 17th, 2011 · No Comments · Archaeology, Hunter-Gatherers, Shamanism
Here is the fantastic news: one of the world’s greatest filmmakers, Werner Herzog, was granted rare access to Chauvet Cave and filmed the interior in 3-D. Chauvet Cave is of course famous for its 30,000 year old art — it is a spectacular display of human creativity and is probably the result of [...]
Tags:altered states of consciousness·ASC·behavioral modernity·cave art·Cave of Forgotten Dreams·Chatelperronian·Chauvet Cave·culture·Gravettian·John Hawks·Mousterian·Neanderthals·shamanic activities·shamans·soul·soul beliefs·theriomorphs·Werner Herzog
Whip Me: Controlling Guilt with Pain
February 15th, 2011 · No Comments · Axial Age, History, Hunter-Gatherers, Power, Ritual
Over at The Economist, our correspondent reports that “religion got it right: pain seems to assuage guilt.” This conclusion is based on an Australian study that primed the usual guinea pigs (undergraduates) with guilt by having them write about something “immoral” or “unethical” they had done. Compared to a non-primed group who wrote about cupcakes [...]
Tags:altered states of consciousness·atonement·Australia·Brock Bastian·catharsis·Christians·control·ethics·flagellants·Francisco de Goya·George Catlin·guilt·Mandans·morals·pain·penitence·punishment·ritualized pain·rituals·shame·spirits·visions
Spreading Leg Woman?
February 6th, 2011 · 4 Comments · Archaeology, Hunter-Gatherers, Ritual
Over at Discovery, Jennifer Viegas reports on an 11,000 year old piece of elk antler, found in Poland, that is incised with zigzags:
The artifact will be described in the March issue of the Journal of Archaeological Science. Polish archaeologist Tomasz Plonka talked to Viegas about the find:
“The ornament is composed of groups of zigzag lines [...]
Tags:adornment·altered states of consciousness·ASC·David Lewis-Williams·decoration·elk antler·entoptic·etchings·fertility·fetish·forms·geometric patterns·images·incisions·Jennifer Viegas·material objects·Plains Indians·Poland·Robert Lowie·symbolism·Tomasz Plonka·zigzag
Sacred Beer
November 8th, 2010 · 1 Comment · Archaeology, Magic, Neolithic, Ritual, Shamanism
As Charles Choi reports, archaeologist Brian Hayden suggests that the Neolithic domestication of cereals may have been driven by the ritual desire for proto-Budweiser:
[His] argument is that Stone Age farmers were domesticating cereals not so much to fill their stomachs but to lighten their heads, by turning the grains into beer. That has been their [...]
Tags:alcohol·altered states of consciousness·beer·Brian Hayden·cereal grains·Charles Choi·ecstasy·emotions·neolithic·ritual·saints·shamans·Sorcerers
